Special report: highlights of the twenty-fifth annual summer meeting of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society, Vancouver, Canada, July 16-18, 2009.

Ankle instability.

Symposium: Adult acquired flatfoot deformity.

Management of calcaneal malunion.

L1cam acts as a modifier gene during enteric nervous system development.

Effect of ankle arthritis on clinical outcome of lateral ankle ligament reconstruction in cavovarus feet.

Turf toe: anatomy, diagnosis, and treatment.

Radiologic case study. Traumatic dislocation of the tibial sesamoid of the hallux.

Management of common sports-related injuries about the foot and ankle.

Surgical outcome following tibialis anterior tendon repair.